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Novel brainstem circuit gives rise to the rhythms of vocalization

The vocal sounds of humans — laughing, crying, and the babbling of babies — have the same rhythmic quality as the sounds made by many mammals, songbirds, and even some species of fish. Researchers have discovered that a small cluster of neurons in th…

How the brain’s blue spot helps us focus our attention

How can we shift from a state of inattentiveness to one of highest attention? The locus coeruleus, literally the ‘blue spot,’ is a tiny cluster of cells at the base of the brain. As the main source of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline, it helps us con…

Exercise alters brain chemistry to protect aging synapses

When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons to maintain healthy cognition, a new study has found.

Anxiety and PTSD linked to increased myelin in brain’s gray matter

Scientists have shown in both anxious rats and military veterans with PTSD that acute stress is associated with increased myelination of axons in areas of the brain associated with memory and emotions. These areas in the brain’s gray matter are normall…

Can a human microglial atlas guide brain disorder research?

Researchers analyzed thousands of microglia from different brain regions of deceased patients who had been diagnosed with a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Their results support the idea that microglia may play critical rol…

New hope for sight recovery in stroke survivors

Researchers have used MRI imaging to map visual brain activity in stroke survivors with sight loss that gives new hope for rehabilitation and recovery.

Marijuana users’ risk of deadly complication doubles after rare type of bleeding stroke

Among adults with a certain type of bleeding stroke, those who used marijuana within the last 3-30 days were more than twice as likely to develop a serious stroke complication that increases the risk of death and disability. The study is the largest to…

Timing of brain injury in pregnancy, birth may impact motor and language outcomes

A new study that mapped the neural connections of newborns with two different kinds of brain injuries found the maps looked very different — and were linked to significantly different developmental outcomes years later.

How brain networks enable human conversation

A new study has identified a brain circuit that is active while we plan our spoken replies during conversation. The work promises to guide the design of new therapies for the 7.5 million Americans who have trouble using their voices, say the study auth…

Living in outer space: Changes in blood flow volume may be at the heart of worsening eyesight

The long-term risks of living in space include bone loss, cosmic radiation and muscle weakness, so leaving gravity behind certainly has its obstacles — and yet, that doesn’t stop people from venturing out of the stratosphere. Some of these potential h…