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Gene controls stress hormone production in macaques

Some people react more calmly in stressful situations than others. Certain genes, such as the so-called COMT gene, are thought to play a role in determining our stress response. Researchers have now studied this gene in macaques, a genus of Old World m…

Brain’s GPS depends on visual landmarks to triangulate location, researchers find

Researchers have found that space-mapping neurons — the GPS system in the brain — have a strong dependence on what is being looked at when triangulating location, a finding that resolves a neurological mystery that has vexed scientists for more than …

Scientists manipulate consciousness in rats

Scientists showed that they could alter brain activity of rats and either wake them up or put them in an unconscious state by changing the firing rates of neurons in the central thalamus, a region known to regulate arousal.

Using network science to help pinpoint source of seizures

The ability to reliably pinpoint the anatomical source of epileptic seizures, different for each patient, remains elusive. New research looks at networks of electrical activity in the brain just prior to the onset of a seizure by studying the recording…

Scientists identify mechanisms to reduce epileptic seizures following TBI

Halting production of new neurons in the brain following traumatic brain injury can help reduce resulting epileptic seizures, cognitive decline, and impaired memory, researchers report.

Identification tags define neural circuits

Biologists have identified a network of proteins that guides neural synapse formation in Drosophila brains. They discovered that proteins from two different molecular subfamilies bind together selectively. This binding can cause neurons that express Dp…

How opioids cause dangerous breathing problems

Researchers on a quest to make opioid drugs less lethal have discovered a window of opportunity: a tiny channel in the brain where opioids interfere with the breathing mechanism. They found that mice without this channel kept breathing normally with an…

How fly brain reroutes odor information to produce flexible behavior

Taking advantage of the simple architecture of the fruit fly brain, scientists examined how the molecule dopamine acts like an operator at a switchboard, changing the flow of information. Their work helps explain why the same stimulus can lead to diffe…

Early childhood depression alters brain development

The brains of children who suffer clinical depression as preschoolers develop abnormally, compared with the brains of preschoolers unaffected by the disorder, according to new research at…

Beyond early adversity: A multidimensional approach linking early experiences to successful aging

Adverse childhood experiences such as poverty, abuse and neglect have been linked to poor mental and physical health outcomes in adulthood.