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Most heavy drinkers are not alcoholics

A government study reveals that nine out of 10 people who drink too much are not addicts, and can change their behavior with support.

Stressful relationships tied to mental decline

Having close personal relationships in middle age that cause stress, problems or worries, may contribute to a decline in thinking ability in older age, according to a new study.

Out of danger: Neural basis for avoiding threats

A key neuronal pathway that makes learning to avoid unpleasant situations possible has been discovered by researchers. The work shows that avoidance learning requires neural activity in the habenula representing changes in future expectations.

Reprogramming ‘support cells’ into neurons could repair injured adult brains

The cerebral cortex lacks the ability to replace neurons that die as a result of Alzheimer’s, stroke, and other devastating diseases. A new study shows that a Sox2 protein, alone or in combination with another protein, Ascl1, can cause nonneuronal cell…

Serotonin’s early role in assembly of brain circuits

During the development of the cortex, different kinds of neurons must migrate to attain their final destinations, before forming the essential neural circuits necessary for good cognitive and emotional function. But early dysregulation in the serotonin…

Weight, eating habits in Parkinson’s disease

A review of the scientific literature on Parkinson’s disease shows that even the non-motor symptoms associated with the disease can contribute to the changes in body weight seen in patients (including those subjected to deep brain stimulation). Among…

New approach for treating ALS: Re-evaluation of older drugs?

Blocking molecules involved in ALS-drug resistance may improve how well ALS therapeutics work, suggesting that re-evaluation of drugs that appeared to have failed might be appropriate.

The power of reward in learning and memory

A new study provides an illustration of the power that reward has over learning and memory.

Teens who mature early at greater risk of depression

Girls AND boys who mature early face many risk factors that are linked with depression several years later, a researcher has concluded. Early maturation triggers an array of psychological, social-behavioral and interpersonal difficulties that predict e…

Gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability

Our natural gut-residing microbes can influence the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood, a new study in mice shows. The blood-brain barrier is a highly selective barrier that prevents unwa…