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Modeling how neurons work together may help design robotic limbs

A highly accurate model of how neurons behave when performing complex movements could aid in the design of robotic limbs which behave more realistically. While an action such as reaching for a cup of coffee may seem straightforward, the millions of neu…

Fight-or-flight chemical prepares cells to shift the brain from subdued to alert state

Brain cells, called astrocytes because of their star-shaped appearance, can monitor and respond to nearby neural activity, but only after being activated by the fight-or-flight chemical norepinephrine. Because astrocytes can alter the activity of neuro…

How genetic mutation causes early brain damage

Scientists have shed light on how a specific kind of genetic mutation can cause damage during early brain development that results in lifelong learning and behavioral disabilities. The study focuses on the role of a gene known as Syngap1. In humans, mu…

Low cortisol levels may increase risk of depression in bipolar disorder

Depression is almost twice as common, and poor quality of life almost five times as common, in people with bipolar disorder who have elevated or low levels of the stress hormone cortisol in the blood. Bipolar disorder is a lifelong disease that causes …

Hippocampal activity during music listening exposes the memory-boosting power of music

For the first time the hippocampus —- a brain structure crucial for creating long-lasting memories —- has been observed to be active in response to recurring musical phrases while listening to music. Thus, the hippocampal involvement in long-term m…

Exposure to TV violence related to irregular attention and brain structure

Young adult men who watched more violence on television showed indications of less mature brain development and poorer executive functioning, according to new results. Executive functioning abilities can be important for controlling impulsive behaviors…

Childhood maltreatment associated with cerebral grey matter abnormalities: Abuse could lead to permanent brain damage

Scientists have analyzed the association between childhood maltreatment and the volume of cerebral grey matter, responsible for processing information. The results revealed a significant deficit in various late developing regions of the brain after abu…

Mental health patients more than twice as likely to be victims of homicide than the general public

Patients with mental illness are two and a half times more likely to be victims of homicide than people in the general population, according to a national study examining the characteristics of…

Suicides among mental health patients under home treatment in England are double the number of suicides in mental health inpatient units

The number of deaths by suicide among mental health patients treated at home by crisis resolution home treatment teams (CRHT)*, has more than doubled in England in recent years, rising from an…

NUS researchers and its US collaborators reveal latest finding on how genes are involved in risk taking and strategic thinking

National University of Singapore (NUS), University of California, Berkeley, and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) researchers have teamed up to show that when we make strategic…